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Three years later, Samuel de Champlain wrote about the waterfalls in the area and about his encounters with the Algonquin Indians, who had been using the Ottawa River for centuries.
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Étienne Brûlé, widely regarded as the first European to travel up the Ottawa River, passed by Ottawa in 1610 on his way to the Great Lakes. Three major rivers meet within Ottawa, making it an important trade and travel area for thousands of years. The Ottawa River valley has archeological sites with arrow heads, pottery, and stone tools. The Algonquins call the Ottawa River Kichi Sibi or Kichissippi meaning "Great River" or "Grand River". Ottawa is situated on the traditional land of the Algonquins, Indigenous peoples who are closely related to the Odawa and Ojibwe peoples.
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Local populations used the area for wild edible harvesting, hunting, fishing, trade, travel, and camps for over 6,500 years. With the draining of the Champlain Sea around ten thousand years ago, the Ottawa Valley became habitable. Ottawa is built on un-ceded Algonquin Anishinaabe territory, as Canada has never signed any treaty with the Algonquin Nation. The city's modern name in Algonquin language is Odàwàg. The city name Ottawa was chosen in reference to the Ottawa River, the name of which is derived from the Algonquin Odawa, meaning "to trade".